{
 "type": "weapon",
 "count": 5,
 "nodes": [
  {
   "id": "eight-limbs",
   "type": "weapon",
   "names": {
    "name": "The eight limbs",
    "th": "อาวุธทั้งแปด",
    "rtgs": "awut thang paet",
    "said": "Two fists, two elbows, two knees, two shins. Count them.",
    "said_th": "หมัดสอง ศอกสอง เข่าสอง แข้งสอง นับดู"
   },
   "region": [
    "thailand"
   ],
   "facets": {
    "range": "any"
   },
   "text": {
    "what": "The phrase that names the sport in English — the art of eight limbs — is a count: fists, elbows, knees and shins, two of each.",
    "story": "Boxing has two. Kickboxing has four. Muay thai counts eight, and the count is the whole argument: it is not that a Thai fighter has more weapons, it is that the elbow and the knee are **legal**, and being legal changes every distance in the fight.\n\nWork it forward. If the elbow is legal, the inside is dangerous, so nobody hides there. If the knee is legal, holding the head is worth doing, so the clinch is not broken up. If the clinch is not broken up, a fight has a wrestling phase, and a wrestling phase means conditioning decides the fifth round. Each rule pulls the next one along.\n\n*Inference —* the head is the ninth thing people ask about. Headbutts are not legal; the count stops at eight."
   },
   "text_th": {
    "what": "วลีที่ใช้เรียกกีฬานี้ในภาษาอังกฤษ — ศิลปะแห่งอาวุธแปดชิ้น — คือการนับ หมัด ศอก เข่า แข้ง อย่างละสอง",
    "story": "มวยสากลมีสอง คิกบ็อกซิ่งมีสี่ มวยไทยนับแปด และการนับนี้คือข้อโต้แย้งทั้งหมด ไม่ใช่ว่านักมวยไทยมีอาวุธมากกว่า แต่คือศอกกับเข่า **ใช้ได้ตามกติกา** และความถูกกติกานั้นเปลี่ยนทุกระยะในการชก\n\nลองไล่ดู ถ้าศอกใช้ได้ ระยะประชิดก็อันตราย ไม่มีใครหลบเข้าไปอยู่ตรงนั้น ถ้าเข่าใช้ได้ การจับคอก็คุ้มที่จะทำ กอดรัดจึงไม่ถูกแยก เมื่อไม่ถูกแยก ไฟต์หนึ่งย่อมมีช่วงปล้ำ และช่วงปล้ำหมายความว่าความฟิตเป็นตัวตัดสินยกที่ห้า กติกาแต่ละข้อลากข้อถัดไปตามมา\n\n*อนุมาน —* หัวคือสิ่งที่เก้าที่คนถามถึง โขกหัวผิดกติกา การนับหยุดที่แปด"
   },
   "kin": [
    {
     "to": "fist",
     "as": "One pair of the eight.",
     "rel": "weapon"
    },
    {
     "to": "elbow",
     "as": "One pair of the eight.",
     "rel": "weapon"
    },
    {
     "to": "knee",
     "as": "One pair of the eight.",
     "rel": "weapon"
    },
    {
     "to": "shin",
     "as": "One pair of the eight.",
     "rel": "weapon"
    },
    {
     "to": "clinch",
     "as": "What legal knees produce.",
     "rel": "move"
    },
    {
     "to": "scoring",
     "as": "Which of the eight a judge rewards.",
     "rel": "rule"
    }
   ],
   "sources": [
    "s:wp-muay-thai"
   ],
   "provenance": {
    "default": {
     "tier": "cited",
     "source": "s:wp-muay-thai"
    },
    "fields": {
     "text_th": {
      "tier": "inference",
      "note": "written in Thai by this project, not machine-translated"
     }
    }
   },
   "confidence": "high",
   "tags": [
    "beginner",
    "counted"
   ],
   "schema": 1,
   "updated": "2026-09-19",
   "images": [
    {
     "file": "eight-limbs/eight-limbs-muay-thai-high-kick.jpg",
     "source": "commons",
     "title": "File:Muay Thai high kick.jpg",
     "url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b2/Muay_Thai_high_kick.jpg?utm_source=commons.wikimedia.org&utm_campaign=imageinfo&utm_content=original",
     "page_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File%3AMuay_Thai_high_kick.jpg",
     "license": "CC BY 2.0",
     "license_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/",
     "author": "Eric Langley",
     "credit": "Flickr: [1]",
     "alt": "Muay Thai competitor attempts a high kick but it is blocked by his opponent.",
     "date": "2011-06-17 22:38:50",
     "primary": true,
     "sha256": "6f3be71837c9f8454beb45c30c202121f17f502c5c5fb6d44c7f1844179c1491"
    },
    {
     "file": "eight-limbs/eight-limbs-round-jump-kick.jpg",
     "source": "commons",
     "title": "File:Round Jump Kick.jpg",
     "url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b7/Round_Jump_Kick.jpg?utm_source=commons.wikimedia.org&utm_campaign=imageinfo&utm_content=original",
     "page_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File%3ARound_Jump_Kick.jpg",
     "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
     "license_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/",
     "author": "Kru Tony Moore",
     "credit": "Own work",
     "alt": "muaythai kick",
     "date": "2017-09-02 13:16:21",
     "primary": false,
     "sha256": "21b5672e4b89d1738fa1acfbd73e3cec2a1e446a4044e26276f75d99eef76d52"
    },
    {
     "file": "eight-limbs/eight-limbs-thai-boxing-26250363236.jpg",
     "source": "commons",
     "title": "File:Thai boxing (26250363236).jpg",
     "url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b0/Thai_boxing_%2826250363236%29.jpg?utm_source=commons.wikimedia.org&utm_campaign=imageinfo&utm_content=original",
     "page_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File%3AThai_boxing_%2826250363236%29.jpg",
     "license": "Public domain",
     "license_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_domain",
     "author": "Mussi Katz from Israel",
     "credit": "Thai boxing",
     "alt": "Thai boxing",
     "date": "2016-02-14 21:35",
     "primary": false,
     "sha256": "dfe78e2ac84d7310d96efdbb8eb69d250db51a83c348228bc3f46139db5edf92"
    }
   ],
   "kin_in": [
    {
     "from": "elbow",
     "type": "weapon",
     "name": "The elbow",
     "as": "The count it belongs to."
    },
    {
     "from": "fist",
     "type": "weapon",
     "name": "The fist",
     "as": "The count it belongs to."
    },
    {
     "from": "knee",
     "type": "weapon",
     "name": "The knee",
     "as": "The count it belongs to."
    },
    {
     "from": "shin",
     "type": "weapon",
     "name": "The shin",
     "as": "The count it belongs to."
    },
    {
     "from": "fouls",
     "type": "rule",
     "name": "What is not allowed",
     "as": "Why the count stops at eight."
    },
    {
     "from": "neighbours",
     "type": "story",
     "name": "The same sport, four borders",
     "as": "Nine, across one border."
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "elbow",
   "type": "weapon",
   "names": {
    "name": "The elbow",
    "th": "ศอก",
    "rtgs": "sok",
    "said": "The only weapon that ends a fight without knocking anyone out.",
    "said_th": "อาวุธเดียวที่จบไฟต์ได้โดยไม่ต้องน็อก"
   },
   "region": [
    "thailand"
   ],
   "facets": {
    "range": "close"
   },
   "text": {
    "what": "A short bone with no padding on it, swung horizontally, diagonally, upward, downward, off a spin, or in the air.",
    "story": "The English article calls the elbow \"the most dangerous form of attack in the sport\". The reason is not power — a knee carries more of it — it is the edge. An elbow opens the skin over the eyebrow, the eyebrow bleeds into the eye, the doctor looks at it, and the fight is over with both men still standing.\n\nSo the elbow is the weapon that beats the referee's arithmetic. You do not have to out-score anyone. You have to land once.\n\nTwo consequences for a spectator. A corner that is behind on points starts throwing elbows in the fourth, which is why the fourth is the round to watch. And elbows are why the clinch is not the rest it looks like: the two men with their heads together are each waiting for the other to loosen a hand."
   },
   "text_th": {
    "what": "กระดูกสั้นที่ไม่มีอะไรหุ้ม เหวี่ยงได้ทั้งแนวขวาง เฉียงขึ้น เฉียงลง เสย งัดกลับหลัง และลอยตัว",
    "story": "บทความภาษาอังกฤษเรียกศอกว่า \"รูปแบบการโจมตีที่อันตรายที่สุดในกีฬานี้\" เหตุผลไม่ใช่แรง — เข่ามีแรงกว่า — แต่คือคม ศอกเปิดหนังเหนือคิ้ว คิ้วเลือดไหลลงตา หมอมาดู และไฟต์จบลงทั้งที่ทั้งคู่ยังยืนอยู่\n\nศอกจึงเป็นอาวุธที่เอาชนะการคิดเลขของกรรมการ ไม่ต้องทำแต้มนำใคร แค่ลงให้ได้ครั้งเดียว\n\nผลสองข้อสำหรับคนดู มุมที่ตามหลังคะแนนจะเริ่มออกศอกในยกสี่ นั่นคือเหตุที่ยกสี่เป็นยกที่ต้องดู และศอกคือเหตุผลว่าทำไมการกอดคอไม่ใช่ช่วงพักอย่างที่เห็น สองคนที่เอาหัวชนกันอยู่นั้น ต่างรอให้อีกฝ่ายคลายมือ"
   },
   "kin": [
    {
     "to": "eight-limbs",
     "as": "The count it belongs to.",
     "rel": "weapon"
    },
    {
     "to": "clinch",
     "as": "Where most of them are thrown from.",
     "rel": "move"
    },
    {
     "to": "chorakhe-fat-hang",
     "as": "A named technique that is not an elbow, and is mistaken for one.",
     "rel": "move"
    },
    {
     "to": "doctor-stoppage",
     "as": "How an elbow usually wins.",
     "rel": "rule"
    }
   ],
   "sources": [
    "s:wp-muay-thai"
   ],
   "provenance": {
    "default": {
     "tier": "cited",
     "source": "s:wp-muay-thai"
    },
    "fields": {
     "text_th": {
      "tier": "inference",
      "note": "written in Thai by this project, not machine-translated"
     }
    }
   },
   "confidence": "high",
   "tags": [
    "watching"
   ],
   "schema": 1,
   "updated": "2026-09-19",
   "images": [
    {
     "file": "elbow/elbow-muay-thai-fight-us-vs-burma-80668065.jpg",
     "source": "commons",
     "title": "File:Muay Thai Fight Us Vs Burma (80668065).jpeg",
     "url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9a/Muay_Thai_Fight_Us_Vs_Burma_%2880668065%29.jpeg?utm_source=commons.wikimedia.org&utm_campaign=imageinfo&utm_content=original",
     "page_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File%3AMuay_Thai_Fight_Us_Vs_Burma_%2880668065%29.jpeg",
     "license": "CC BY 3.0",
     "license_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/",
     "author": "Gerrit Phil Baumann",
     "credit": "Imported from 500px (archived version) by the Archive Team. (detail page)",
     "alt": "500px provided description: Muay Thai Fight Us Vs Burma [#Thailand ,#Bangkok ,#Boxing ,#Men ,#Muay Thai ,#Thai Boxing ,#World Championship ,#Kick Boxing ,#Burma vs. USA]",
     "date": "before 23 August 2014, 02:36:43 (UTC)",
     "primary": true,
     "sha256": "63722bf848261deb2f40af8408e57e49aec2f6d04abd47f775a14456a754a3cd"
    }
   ],
   "kin_in": [
    {
     "from": "eight-limbs",
     "type": "weapon",
     "name": "The eight limbs",
     "as": "One pair of the eight."
    },
    {
     "from": "clinch",
     "type": "move",
     "name": "The clinch",
     "as": "The other thing waiting in there."
    },
    {
     "from": "buakaw-k1-2004",
     "type": "bout",
     "name": "Buakaw at K-1 Max, 2004",
     "as": "And what else."
    },
    {
     "from": "doctor-stoppage",
     "type": "rule",
     "name": "The doctor, and the cut",
     "as": "What opens it."
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "fist",
   "type": "weapon",
   "names": {
    "name": "The fist",
    "th": "หมัด",
    "rtgs": "mat",
    "said": "The weapon that scores least.",
    "said_th": "อาวุธที่ได้คะแนนน้อยที่สุด"
   },
   "region": [
    "thailand"
   ],
   "facets": {
    "range": "mid"
   },
   "text": {
    "what": "Punches. Historically the thinnest part of the Thai arsenal, and still the part a stadium judge values least.",
    "story": "The English article is blunt about the starting point: the punches were \"originally quite limited\" — crosses, and a long lazy circular strike thrown with a straight arm landing on the heel of the palm. Everything else came in later from western boxing, and now the full set is used: jab, cross, hook, uppercut, overhand, back fist.\n\nTwo things follow, and both are visible from the seats. **Body punching is rare**, because dropping your head to dig at the ribs puts it exactly where a knee or an elbow lives. And a punch that does not visibly move the other man is worth nothing on the cards — which is why a foreigner who wins the punching exchanges for five rounds can still lose the fight and leave furious.\n\nThe fighter built around the hands has his own name — *muay mat* — and the best of them, Samart Payakaroon, went and won a world title at western boxing to settle the point."
   },
   "text_th": {
    "what": "หมัด ส่วนที่บางที่สุดของคลังอาวุธไทยมาแต่เดิม และยังเป็นส่วนที่กรรมการเวทีให้ค่าน้อยที่สุด",
    "story": "บทความภาษาอังกฤษพูดตรงไปตรงมาถึงจุดเริ่มต้น หมัดนั้น \"เดิมมีไม่กี่ท่า\" — หมัดตรงข้าม และหมัดเหวี่ยงยาวแขนตึงที่ลงด้วยส้นมือ ที่เหลือเข้ามาทีหลังจากมวยสากล ตอนนี้ใช้ครบ ทั้งหมัดแย็บ หมัดตรง หมัดฮุก หมัดเสย หมัดเหวี่ยงข้าม และหมัดกลับหลัง\n\nผลที่ตามมามีสองอย่าง และเห็นได้จากที่นั่งคนดู **การชกลำตัวมีน้อย** เพราะการก้มหัวลงไปขุดชายโครงคือการเอาหัวไปวางตรงที่เข่าและศอกอยู่ และหมัดที่ไม่ทำให้อีกฝ่ายขยับให้เห็น ไม่มีค่าบนใบให้คะแนน — นี่คือเหตุที่ฝรั่งซึ่งชนะการแลกหมัดห้ายกยังแพ้ไฟต์และเดินออกไปด้วยความโมโห\n\nนักมวยที่สร้างมาจากหมัดมีชื่อเรียกของตัวเอง — *มวยหมัด* — และคนที่เก่งที่สุดในสายนี้ สามารถ พยัคฆ์อรุณ ไปคว้าแชมป์โลกมวยสากลมาปิดเรื่องเสียเลย"
   },
   "kin": [
    {
     "to": "eight-limbs",
     "as": "The count it belongs to.",
     "rel": "weapon"
    },
    {
     "to": "scoring",
     "as": "Why it is worth so little.",
     "rel": "rule"
    },
    {
     "to": "samart-payakaroon",
     "as": "The fighter who proved the hands could be enough.",
     "rel": "person"
    },
    {
     "to": "muay-mat",
     "as": "The style built on it.",
     "rel": "term"
    }
   ],
   "sources": [
    "s:wp-muay-thai"
   ],
   "provenance": {
    "default": {
     "tier": "cited",
     "source": "s:wp-muay-thai"
    },
    "fields": {
     "text_th": {
      "tier": "inference",
      "note": "written in Thai by this project, not machine-translated"
     }
    }
   },
   "confidence": "high",
   "tags": [
    "watching"
   ],
   "schema": 1,
   "updated": "2026-09-19",
   "images": [
    {
     "file": "fist/fist-muay-thai-fight-us-vs-burma-80668041.jpg",
     "source": "commons",
     "title": "File:Muay Thai Fight Us Vs Burma (80668041).jpeg",
     "url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b0/Muay_Thai_Fight_Us_Vs_Burma_%2880668041%29.jpeg?utm_source=commons.wikimedia.org&utm_campaign=imageinfo&utm_content=original",
     "page_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File%3AMuay_Thai_Fight_Us_Vs_Burma_%2880668041%29.jpeg",
     "license": "CC BY 3.0",
     "license_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/",
     "author": "Gerrit Phil Baumann",
     "credit": "Imported from 500px (archived version) by the Archive Team. (detail page)",
     "alt": "500px provided description: Muay Thai Fight Us Vs Burma [#Thailand ,#Bangkok ,#Boxing ,#Men ,#Muay Thai ,#Thai Boxing ,#World Championship ,#Kick Boxing ,#Burma vs. USA]",
     "date": "before 23 August 2014, 02:36:42 (UTC)",
     "primary": true,
     "sha256": "8b7cfda3a497360fc2b4b5072dcbfb03d8b7132a8fedc0d6f959ead9519d339f"
    }
   ],
   "kin_in": [
    {
     "from": "eight-limbs",
     "type": "weapon",
     "name": "The eight limbs",
     "as": "One pair of the eight."
    },
    {
     "from": "muay-mat",
     "type": "style",
     "name": "Muay mat",
     "as": "Its weapon."
    },
    {
     "from": "samart-payakaroon",
     "type": "person",
     "name": "Samart Payakaroon",
     "as": "What he proved about it."
    },
    {
     "from": "scoring",
     "type": "rule",
     "name": "How a fight is actually scored",
     "as": "The weapon this system punishes."
    },
    {
     "from": "chok",
     "type": "term",
     "name": "chok",
     "as": "The weapon."
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "knee",
   "type": "weapon",
   "names": {
    "name": "The knee",
    "th": "เข่า",
    "rtgs": "khao",
    "said": "Scores heavily, costs nothing to throw, and needs a hand on the head.",
    "said_th": "ได้คะแนนหนัก ออกแล้วไม่เสียอะไร แต่ต้องมีมือจับคออยู่"
   },
   "region": [
    "thailand"
   ],
   "facets": {
    "range": "close"
   },
   "text": {
    "what": "The point of the thigh bone driven into ribs, liver, sternum or face, usually with the other man's head pulled down onto it.",
    "story": "Thai names the varieties rather than the angles: *khao dot*, the jumping knee off one leg; *khao loi*, the flying knee after a step; *khao thon*, the straight knee driven forward.\n\n*Tradition holds —* the straight knee is the newest of the three, and the reason given is the rope. With hemp wound over the knuckles, a fighter who saw a knee coming could cut down onto the thigh with the edge of the wrap. Gloves took that answer away and the straight knee came into its own.\n\nFor scoring, the knee is the best deal in the sport: it is visible from the back row, it moves the man it lands on, and a fighter throwing knees in the clinch is doing the thing the judges are watching for."
   },
   "text_th": {
    "what": "ปลายกระดูกต้นขาที่ดันเข้าไปที่ซี่โครง ตับ ลิ้นปี่ หรือหน้า โดยมากคือดึงหัวอีกฝ่ายลงมารับ",
    "story": "ภาษาไทยตั้งชื่อตามชนิด ไม่ใช่ตามมุม — *เข่าโดด* กระโดดขึ้นด้วยขาข้างเดียว *เข่าลอย* ก้าวแล้วลอยตัวเข้าใส่ *เข่าตรง* ดันตรงไปข้างหน้า\n\n*ตามธรรมเนียม —* เข่าตรงใหม่ที่สุดในสามอย่างนี้ และเหตุผลที่ให้ไว้คือเชือก เมื่อพันเชือกป่านทับข้อนิ้ว คนที่เห็นเข่ามาสามารถฟันขอบเชือกลงบนต้นขาได้ นวมทำให้คำตอบนั้นหายไป เข่าตรงจึงได้ที่ทางของมัน\n\nในแง่คะแนน เข่าคือของคุ้มที่สุดในกีฬานี้ มองเห็นจากแถวหลังสุด ทำให้คนที่โดนขยับ และคนที่ออกเข่าในวงในกำลังทำสิ่งที่กรรมการมองหาอยู่พอดี"
   },
   "kin": [
    {
     "to": "eight-limbs",
     "as": "The count it belongs to.",
     "rel": "weapon"
    },
    {
     "to": "clinch",
     "as": "What makes it possible.",
     "rel": "move"
    },
    {
     "to": "dieselnoi",
     "as": "The fighter nobody could stop kneeing them.",
     "rel": "person"
    },
    {
     "to": "kaad-chuek",
     "as": "The rope that the straight knee had to wait out.",
     "rel": "kit"
    }
   ],
   "sources": [
    "s:wp-muay-thai"
   ],
   "provenance": {
    "default": {
     "tier": "cited",
     "source": "s:wp-muay-thai"
    },
    "fields": {
     "text_th": {
      "tier": "inference",
      "note": "written in Thai by this project, not machine-translated"
     }
    }
   },
   "confidence": "medium",
   "tags": [
    "watching"
   ],
   "schema": 1,
   "updated": "2026-09-19",
   "images": [
    {
     "file": "knee/knee-muay-thai-knee.jpg",
     "source": "commons",
     "title": "File:Muay Thai Knee.jpg",
     "url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/88/Muay_Thai_Knee.jpg?utm_source=commons.wikimedia.org&utm_campaign=imageinfo&utm_content=original",
     "page_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File%3AMuay_Thai_Knee.jpg",
     "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
     "license_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/",
     "author": "Kru Tony Moore",
     "credit": "Own work",
     "alt": "Muay Thai knee on pads",
     "date": "2003-07-22 11:34:35",
     "primary": true,
     "sha256": "33b2932e91f97f86a4765ac1572848b97dbf9485f6849fce12b78ab58078f03d"
    },
    {
     "file": "knee/knee-ugr-t-rd.jpg",
     "source": "commons",
     "title": "File:Ugrótérd.jpg",
     "url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/dd/Ugr%C3%B3t%C3%A9rd.jpg?utm_source=commons.wikimedia.org&utm_campaign=imageinfo&utm_content=original",
     "page_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File%3AUgr%C3%B3t%C3%A9rd.jpg",
     "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
     "license_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/",
     "author": "Mindenkinis Segítő",
     "credit": "Own work",
     "alt": "A muaythai technikái közül közepes nehézségű tradicionális elem",
     "date": "2024-02-13",
     "primary": false,
     "sha256": "a9a3c9a9e25d65d978b29a158f7cba59aa646d8380be49d9a7de20d3ed8892ea"
    }
   ],
   "kin_in": [
    {
     "from": "eight-limbs",
     "type": "weapon",
     "name": "The eight limbs",
     "as": "One pair of the eight."
    },
    {
     "from": "clinch",
     "type": "move",
     "name": "The clinch",
     "as": "What it exists to deliver."
    },
    {
     "from": "hak-kho-erawan",
     "type": "move",
     "name": "Breaking Erawan's neck",
     "as": "The weapon it delivers."
    },
    {
     "from": "dieselnoi",
     "type": "person",
     "name": "Dieselnoi Chor Thanasukarn",
     "as": "His weapon."
    },
    {
     "from": "kaad-chuek",
     "type": "kit",
     "name": "The rope",
     "as": "Which technique it held back."
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "shin",
   "type": "weapon",
   "names": {
    "name": "The shin",
    "th": "แข้ง",
    "rtgs": "khaeng",
    "said": "Not the foot. The foot is full of small bones.",
    "said_th": "ไม่ใช่เท้า เท้าเต็มไปด้วยกระดูกชิ้นเล็ก"
   },
   "region": [
    "thailand"
   ],
   "facets": {
    "range": "long"
   },
   "text": {
    "what": "The front edge of the lower leg, swung on the end of a turning body. The round kick is the sport's signature, and the shin is the part that lands.",
    "story": "The kick draws almost all of its power from the hips rotating, with the shoulders and arms counter-rotating to add torque. The leg is not a whip; the whole body is.\n\nFighters are trained to connect with the shin and not the instep, because the foot is a bag of small bones and the shin is one thick one. It is toughened by hitting dense objects — pads and heavy bags — and the bone answers by thickening, which the medical name for calls cortical remodelling.\n\n*Inference —* the banana-tree and glass-bottle stories are about the same mechanism told as folklore. The bone does adapt. It adapts to bags.\n\nA kick that is checked — blocked with the outside of the other man's raised shin — is the one exchange in this sport where the defender wins the trade outright."
   },
   "text_th": {
    "what": "สันหน้าแข้ง เหวี่ยงไปตามลำตัวที่หมุน เตะวงคืออาวุธประจำตัวของกีฬานี้ และแข้งคือส่วนที่ลง",
    "story": "แรงของเตะเกือบทั้งหมดมาจากการหมุนสะโพก โดยไหล่และแขนหมุนสวนเพื่อเพิ่มแรงบิด ขาไม่ใช่แส้ ทั้งตัวต่างหากที่เป็น\n\nนักมวยถูกฝึกให้ลงด้วยแข้ง ไม่ใช่หลังเท้า เพราะเท้าคือถุงกระดูกชิ้นเล็ก ส่วนแข้งคือกระดูกหนาชิ้นเดียว ทำให้แกร่งด้วยการกระแทกของแข็ง — เป้าและกระสอบ — แล้วกระดูกตอบด้วยการหนาขึ้น ชื่อทางการแพทย์เรียกว่าการปรับรูปของชั้นคอร์เทกซ์\n\n*อนุมาน —* เรื่องต้นกล้วยกับขวดแก้วคือกลไกเดียวกันที่เล่าเป็นตำนาน กระดูกปรับตัวจริง มันปรับตัวกับกระสอบ\n\nเตะที่ถูกเช็ก — บล็อกด้วยสันแข้งที่อีกฝ่ายยกขึ้นรับ — คือการแลกครั้งเดียวในกีฬานี้ที่ฝ่ายรับชนะขาด"
   },
   "kin": [
    {
     "to": "eight-limbs",
     "as": "The count it belongs to.",
     "rel": "weapon"
    },
    {
     "to": "te-chiang",
     "as": "The kick itself.",
     "rel": "move"
    },
    {
     "to": "teep",
     "as": "The other thing the leg does.",
     "rel": "move"
    },
    {
     "to": "bag-work",
     "as": "Where the bone is made.",
     "rel": "drill"
    }
   ],
   "sources": [
    "s:wp-muay-thai"
   ],
   "provenance": {
    "default": {
     "tier": "cited",
     "source": "s:wp-muay-thai"
    },
    "fields": {
     "text_th": {
      "tier": "inference",
      "note": "written in Thai by this project, not machine-translated"
     }
    }
   },
   "confidence": "high",
   "tags": [
    "beginner",
    "watching"
   ],
   "schema": 1,
   "updated": "2026-09-19",
   "images": [
    {
     "file": "shin/shin-muay-thai-low-kick.jpg",
     "source": "commons",
     "title": "File:Muay thai low kick.jpg",
     "url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f7/Muay_thai_low_kick.jpg?utm_source=commons.wikimedia.org&utm_campaign=imageinfo&utm_content=original",
     "page_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File%3AMuay_thai_low_kick.jpg",
     "license": "CC BY 2.0",
     "license_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/",
     "author": "superwebdeveloper",
     "credit": "https://www.flickr.com/photos/superwebdeveloper/5106991788/sizes/o/in/photostream/",
     "alt": "Fighter throwing a lowkick during an amateur muay thai competition.",
     "date": "2010-10-22",
     "primary": true,
     "sha256": "5a8e046a376314a071708fea93e639a2e5949cb22e2f4d2b7c30a4d98e5957a0"
    },
    {
     "file": "shin/shin-thairoundkick.jpg",
     "source": "commons",
     "title": "File:Thairoundkick.jpg",
     "url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/45/Thairoundkick.jpg?utm_source=commons.wikimedia.org&utm_campaign=imageinfo&utm_content=original",
     "page_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File%3AThairoundkick.jpg",
     "license": "CC0 1.0",
     "license_url": "https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/",
     "author": "Claudio Scott",
     "credit": "https://pixabay.com/photos/football-kick-boxing-combat-gloves-2239040/",
     "alt": "A fighter leans back to evade a round kick",
     "date": "2011-04-29 16:59:18",
     "primary": false,
     "sha256": "789e9b522bd4104d732357484517c3aff160f03874d8069722dc9a5fef352a39"
    }
   ],
   "kin_in": [
    {
     "from": "eight-limbs",
     "type": "weapon",
     "name": "The eight limbs",
     "as": "One pair of the eight."
    },
    {
     "from": "check",
     "type": "move",
     "name": "Checking the kick",
     "as": "Bone against bone."
    },
    {
     "from": "chorakhe-fat-hang",
     "type": "move",
     "name": "The crocodile lashes its tail",
     "as": "Except this one lands with the heel."
    },
    {
     "from": "te-chiang",
     "type": "move",
     "name": "The round kick",
     "as": "The part that lands."
    },
    {
     "from": "teep",
     "type": "move",
     "name": "The teep",
     "as": "The limb it comes off."
    },
    {
     "from": "apidej",
     "type": "person",
     "name": "Apidej Sit Hirun",
     "as": "His weapon."
    },
    {
     "from": "bag-work",
     "type": "drill",
     "name": "The bag",
     "as": "What is being built."
    }
   ]
  }
 ]
}