{
 "id": "map-1893",
 "type": "map",
 "names": {
  "name": "The 1893 map for Inthawichayanon",
  "th": "แผนที่ 2436 สำหรับพระเจ้าอินทวิชยานนท์",
  "said": "Two walls, drawn for a king who still had a court.",
  "said_th": "กำแพงสองชั้น วาดให้กษัตริย์ที่ยังมีราชสำนัก"
 },
 "region": [
  "city"
 ],
 "facets": {
  "era": "kawila",
  "year": "1893",
  "order": 3
 },
 "sheet": {
  "year": "1893",
  "maker": "unknown, for the court of Chiang Mai",
  "maker_th": "ไม่ปรากฏผู้จัดทำ ทำถวายราชสำนักเชียงใหม่",
  "shows": "The two walls together, which is the thing modern maps cannot show because one of them is gone.",
  "shows_th": "กำแพงสองชั้นพร้อมกัน ซึ่งเป็นสิ่งที่แผนที่สมัยใหม่แสดงไม่ได้เพราะชั้นหนึ่งหายไปแล้ว"
 },
 "text": {
  "what": "Drawn for King Inthawichayanon, the last ruler before Siam's commissioners took the north in hand. It shows both walls: the inner brick square and the outer earthen bank curving round the trading quarter to the east."
 },
 "text_th": {
  "what": "วาดถวายพระเจ้าอินทวิชยานนท์ เจ้าหลวงองค์สุดท้ายก่อนข้าหลวงสยามเข้ามาจัดการภาคเหนือ มันแสดงกำแพงทั้งสองชั้น สี่เหลี่ยมอิฐชั้นในและคันดินชั้นนอกที่โค้งล้อมย่านค้าขายด้านตะวันออก"
 },
 "kin": [
  {
   "to": "kamphaeng-din",
   "as": "The wall it still shows.",
   "rel": "place"
  },
  {
   "to": "phraya-surasi",
   "as": "The commissioner who followed.",
   "rel": "person"
  },
  {
   "to": "era-kawila-1796-1900",
   "as": "Its era.",
   "rel": "era"
  }
 ],
 "tags": [
  "heritage"
 ],
 "sources": [
  "s:commons-map"
 ],
 "provenance": {
  "default": {
   "tier": "cited",
   "source": "s:commons-map"
  },
  "fields": {
   "text_th": {
    "tier": "inference",
    "note": "written in Thai by this project, in the northern register where it fits; not machine-translated"
   }
  }
 },
 "confidence": "medium",
 "schema": 1,
 "updated": "2026-09-21",
 "images": [
  {
   "file": "map-1893/map-1893-chiang-mai-city-map-for-inthawichayanon-1893.jpg",
   "source": "commons",
   "title": "File:Chiang Mai City Map for Inthawichayanon 1893.png",
   "url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d7/Chiang_Mai_City_Map_for_Inthawichayanon_1893.png?utm_source=commons.wikimedia.org&utm_campaign=imageinfo&utm_content=original",
   "page_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File%3AChiang_Mai_City_Map_for_Inthawichayanon_1893.png",
   "license": "Public domain",
   "license_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_domain",
   "author": "Unknown authorUnknown author",
   "credit": "The Fine Arts Office, Chiang Mai",
   "alt": "Historic map of Chiang Mai city for King Inthawichayanon (1817-1897), dated 1893. The city was protected by an inner wall (brick wall), an outer wall (earth wall), 2 moats and multiple city gates. Eac",
   "date": "1893",
   "primary": true,
   "sha256": "c32e071424ec6dde4083eb3e675d4a59fa43ecae9dfff88874ec8ea0b2c512ef"
  }
 ],
 "kin_in": []
}